Everything about Al Ksne totally explained
Alūksne is a
town on the shores of Lake Alūksne in northeastern
Latvia near the borders with
Estonia and
Russia. It is the seat of
Alūksne District.
History
The region around Lake Alūksne was originally settled by
Finnic-speaking tribes, and from the
8th-
12th centuries by
Latgalians. The date of settlement at the current location of the town, then known as
Olysta,
Alyst, and
Volyst, is given in the
chronicles of
Pskov as
1284. The later name
Alūksne comes from the
Latgalian word
olūksna, meaning a spring in the forest.
The Latgalian inhabitants of the settlement were conquered by the
German crusaders of the
Livonian Order in
1342 . They built a
castle named
Marienburg (after
Mary, the mother of Jesus) on a nearby island, which served to protect trade routes from
Riga to Pskov. The town which developed near the castle also became known as Marienburg.
Marienburg was captured by the troops of
Ivan IV of Russia in
1560 during the
Livonian War. It was incorporated into the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in
1582. The town became part of the
Swedish Empire in
1629.
Ernst Glück, a
Lutheran clergyman and the first translator of the Bible into Latvian, founded the first Latvian language schools in
Vidzeme in 1683. It is now the
Alūksne Museum The Russian army led by
Sheremetyev captured the town during the
Great Northern War in
1702, doing great damage to the area and deporting all the inhabitants, including Glück and his foster daughter, Marta Skavronska, who later became Empress
Catherine I of Russia.
The town's island is known as Pils Island (Castle Island) and Maria Island.
Alūksne Castle is now used as an open air
theater.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Al Ksne'.
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